I-Onchocerciasis, ikwaziwa njenge-river blindness ne-Robles disease, isisifo esibangelwa lusuleleko lwentshulube esisifunxi-gazi i-Onchocerca volvulus.[1] Iimpawu ziquka ukurhawuzelelwa ngamandla, iingongoma ezingaphantsi kwesikhumba, kunye nobumfama.[1] Ingunobangela wesibini oxhaphakileyo wobumfama obubangelwa sisifo esosulelayo, emva kwe-trachoma.[2]

I-Onchocerciasis
I-OnchocerciasisEndala i-ye-black fly enesifunxi-gazi i-Onchocerca volvulus iphuma kwiimpondo zesinambuzane, yandisiwe 100x
I-OnchocerciasisEndala i-ye-black fly enesifunxi-gazi i-Onchocerca volvulus iphuma kwiimpondo zesinambuzane, yandisiwe 100x
Endala i-ye-black fly enesifunxi-gazi i-Onchocerca volvulus iphuma kwiimpondo zesinambuzane, yandisiwe 100x
Uhlelo nezibonelelo zangaphandle
ICD/CIM-10B73 B73
ICD/CIM-9125.3 125.3
DiseasesDB9218

Intshulube esisifunxi-gazi isasazwa ngokutyiwa yi-black fly yohlobo lwe-Simulium.[1] Ukutyiwa kaninzi kudla ngokwenzeka phambi kolosuleleko.[3] Ezi mpukane zihlala kufuphi nemilambo, kungeso sizathu le nto sibizwa ngeli gama esi sifo.[2] Zakuba ngaphakathi emntwini, iintshulube ziyila imibunguethi iziyele esikhumbeni.[1] Apha zingosulela i-black fly elandelayo ethi ilume umntu.[1] Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwenza uxilongo eziquka: ukubekwa zesikhumba kwi-placing kovavanyo lwezicwili zesikhumba kwi- normal saline kunye nokujongwa kokuphuma kombungu, ukujongwa elihlweni lemibungu, kunye nokujongwa ngaphakathi kweengongoma eziphantsi kwesikhumba zeentshulube ezindala.[4]

Alukho ugonyo oluchaseneyo nesi sifo.[1] Uthintelo lungokubaleka ukubethwa ziimpukane.[5] Oku kungaquka ukusetyenziswa kweyeza lokugxotha izinambuzane kunye nesinxibo esifanelekileyo.[5] Amanye amalinge aquka lawo okunciphisa isininzi seempukane ngokufefeza izibulala-zinambuzane.[1] Asaqhubeka amalinge okuphelisa isifo ngokunyanga onke amaqela abantu kabini ngonyaka kuthotho lweendawo zasehlabathini.[1] Unyango lwabo bosulelweyo lungechiza eliyi-ivermectin rhoqo ukusuka kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezilishumi elinambini.[1][6] Olu nyango luyawubulala umbungu kodwa alikwazi ukwenza njalo kwiintshulube ezindala.[7] Ichiza eliyi- doxycycline, elibulala intsholongwane eyi-associated ekuthiwa yi-Wolbachia, ibonakala izithomalalisa iintshulube kwaye iyanconywa ngabanye kananjalo.[7] Ukususwa kweengongoma ezingaphantsi kwesikhumba ngotyando nalo lungenziwa.[6]

Ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezili-17 ukuya kwezingama-25 abosulelwe yi-river blindness, nabasondele kwisigidi se-0.8 abanentwana ethile yokulahlekelwa kukubona.[3][7] Inkoliso yokosuleleka okuninzi yenzeka kwiAfrika engaphantsi kweSahara, nangona nezinye iimeko zixeliwe eYemen nakwiindawo ezimbalwa ezikukuMbindi nakuMzantsi weMelika.[1] Ngo-1915, ugqirha uRodolfo Robles waqala ukumanyanisa le ntshulube nesifo samehlo.[8] Sikwadweliswe yi-World Health Organization njengesifo setropiki esingahoywanga.[9]

Iireferensi tshintsha

  1. 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 "Onchocerciasis Fact sheet N°374" World Health Organization March 2014 retrieved 20 March 2014 
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness)" Parasites CDC May 21, 2013 retrieved 20 March 2014 
  3. 3.0 3.1 "Parasites – Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Epidemiology & Risk Factors" CDC May 21, 2013 retrieved 20 March 2014 
  4. "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Diagnosis" Parasites CDC May 21, 2013 retrieved 20 March 2014 
  5. 5.0 5.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Prevention & Control" Parasites CDC May 21, 2013 retrieved 20 March 2014 
  6. 6.0 6.1 Murray, Patrick (2013) Medical microbiology (7th ed.) Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders p. 792 ISBN 9780323086929 
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 Brunette, Gary W. (2011) CDC Health Information for International Travel 2012 : The Yellow Book Oxford University Press p. 258 ISBN 9780199830367 
  8. Lok, James B.; Walker, Edward D.; Scoles, Glen A. (2004) "9. Filariasis" in Eldridge, Bruce F.; Edman, John D.; Edman, J. Medical entomology (Revised ed.) Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic p. 301 ISBN 9781402017940 
  9. Reddy M, Gill SS, Kalkar SR, Wu W, Anderson PJ, Rochon PA (October 2007) "Oral drug therapy for multiple neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review" JAMA 298 (16): 1911–24 PMID 17954542 doi:10.1001/jama.298.16.1911