I-South Pole
Umda emazantsi omhlaba yeyona ndawo isemanzi emathunjini omhlaba. Le ndawo ikwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yiAntarctica. Eneneni zimbini ezona poles. Enye imi isisigxina, ukanti ke enye iyajikeleza.
KumZantsi nakumNtla weepolesezingoozibuthe kulapho isiza esinozibuthe sikhombe khona. Ngokujonga nje kwisiza, abantu bangazixelela okokuba bakufuphi nezipoles. Ukusuka kwi-South Pole (ukusuka kwiSouth pole, yonke indawo ngumNtla(kodwa i-compass ayingqiyamanga kakhulu kwiipoles).
Iipoles ezikwimimandla eseMnatla nakumZantsi, zipoles ekujikeleza kuzo umhlaba, zezi zibonwa ngabantu kwihlabathi apho yonke imigca yaseNtshona/naseMzantsi idibana khona.
Ezipoles zihlala kwindawo enye, kwaye zezi sihlala sibhekisa kuzo xa sisithi iipoles zasemaNtla okanye zasemaZantsi. Ngokujonga nje kwiinkwenkwezi abantu bangazixelela okokuba sele bekwezi"poles (kwezi poles, inkwenkwezi ijikeleza kumphakamo ofanayo, ayisayikuze ingene nzulu kwihorizon).
I-Antarctica yindawo ebanda kakhulu. Kwiveki ezininzi phakathi ebusika, ilanga alisayikuze livele. Xa kanye kuohakathi ehlotyeni, phaya kweyoMnga, de kuye kuthi xhaxhe phaya kweyoKwindla, ilanga alitshoni.
Kanye phaya kwipole, inyanga ezintandathu zonke zezobusika apho ungasoze ulibone ilanga liphuma. Liyakuthi xa lithe laphuma ilanga, ibe kukuqalisa kwehlobo leenyanga ezintandathu apho umntu anokusuka eme nangeyiphi na iyure abukele ilanga ngaphezu kwe-horizon livela lithe chu lihamba limjikeleza.
Uhlolo tshintsha
Kunzima ukufikelela kwi-South pole. Akufani nakwiNorth pole, yona yogqunywe ngumkhenkce wplwandle, iSouth pole isezintabeni kwilizwekazi. Eli lizwekazi kuthiwa yi-Antarctica. Yogqunywe ngomkhence omkhulu (obukhulu bawo bungaphezulu bemayile phaya embindini) I-south Pole iphakame kakhulu, kwaye inomoya ovuthuzayo. Ikude kakhulu kwiindawo ezihlala abantu, kwaye neenqanawa eziya phaya zisoloko zizenzela iqhinga lokuhamba phezu kwalo mkhenkce wolwandle ungako ukuba mkhulu. Xa abahloli beendlela zokuhamba behamba kwiindawo zomhlaba owomileyo elwandle, bahamba iimayile ezingaphaya kwewaka leemayile phambi kokuba bafike kwi-pole. Kufuneka banqumle iishelf zomkhenkce ezi dada ngaphezulu, babe sele besenyuka besiya kumhlaba owogqunywe ngomkhenkce, benyuke iqhina lentaba yezigezenga zomnkhenkce eziqhekekileyo, umkhenkce ojijiwe wakekelela ngaselwandle, baza banqumla umhlaba okumgangatho ophakamileyo (i-plateau) nowogqunywe ngomkhenkce waza watshayelwa ngumoya obanda oku komkhenkce noovuthuza ngandla.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 kukho uhambo olwabanjwa kwade kwakabini , lukhokhelwa ngu Robert Falcon Scott, olwesibini lukhokhelwa ng u-Ernest Shackleton. Kuwo omabini lamatyeli abazange bade bafike kwi-’’South Pole’’, kodwa ke noko babuyela emva besagcinakele kakuhle. U-Shackleton waajika sele ekufuphi ne’’pole’’, kodwa ixesha lonyaka lalisele limkile kunjalo nje noovimba abaephila kubo sele bebuphelelwa. Wayesazi kakuhle okokuba uyakuba ububeka esichengeni ubomi babantu bakhe, waza ke ngoko wabuyela emva.
Amadoda okuqala athi afikelela kwi-‘’South Pole’’ liqela elalivela e-Norway nelalikhokhelwa ngu-Roald Amundsen. Bafika kwi’’Pole’’ kweyoMnga ngomhla we-14, kumnyaka wama-1911, baza bayishiya iflegi yaseNorway. U-Amundsen kunye neqela lakhe lamadoda babuyela emva ekhaya begcinakele kakuhle. Ibali likaAmundsen lelokugqwesa kwizicwangciso zakhe,, ubunkokheli balkhe obugqibeleleyo, nomdla wakhe wokufunda kwabanye abantu: loo nto yenza amandla angaphaya kokuqonda ngokungeyomfuneko, ingade yenze okokuba luthi uhambo oluyimpumelelo lungabalaseli nakwibali, lude lube ke ngoko alubalulekanga kangako, kunolulandela emva kwalo.
Olona hambo lwe’’South Pole’’ o lwaziwayo mhlawumbi lolo lungazange luphumelele konke-konke. Olu ke yayiluhambo lwamaBritane (kungeyiyo i-UK nje kuphela, yayiquka nabantu ababevela kubukumkani bamaBritane, ngelo xesha abo bantu babesaziwa ngokuba bangabemi baseBritane) ababekhokhelwa ngu-Robert Falcon Scott. U-Scott kunye namany’amadoda amane, nabo berhuqa izixhobo zabo ngethemba lokuba ngabokuqala ukuyakufika kwi-‘’Pole’’. Bathi bakufika, babona iflegi yaseNorway. Nantsi ileta eyayibekelwe uScott ibonakalisa okokuba u-Amundsen kunye neqela lakhe lamadoda bambethe ngenyanga yonke, ngokusebenzisa izinja ukuba zirhuqe izixhobo zabo.
Kwindlela yabo evela kwi-Pole, iqela likaScott lathi lakubona ubugoxo bempahla endala eyayiqokolelwe ndawo nye lafumanisa okokuba ininzi into eyayingekho neyayidingeka ngelo xesha, ingakumbi izinto ezifana ne-oli, iparafini kunye namafutha eenqwelo-mafutha nezibizwa ngokuba yi-Kerosene. I-Kerosene yayibaluleke kakhulu: ingabalulekanga ekuphekeni nje kuphela, kodwa nasekunyibilikiseni umkhenkce yayikwabalulekile. Yayisithi yakuphela, bangabinamanzi okusela. Enye indoda yafa isiqaqa yafa isahamba. U-Oates wayesazi okokuba iinyawo zakhe ezazisisankwankwa kukubethwa ngumkhenkce azinakho ukumthwala zimbuyisele kwindawo ababezinze kuyo, wabona ke ngoko okokuba makabalibazise oogxa bakhe abeke ubomi bakhe emngciphekweni. Wazibulala ngokwakhe ngokuthi aphume ahambe kwintente yabo aye kweqhaqhazelisa amazinyo yona ingqele. U-Scott nabahlobo bakhe ababini ababeshiyekile babulawa yindlala, kukunxanwa, nayingqele. – bevalelwe yimozulu embi de kwaphela nezinto zokuzixhasa ababenazo. KwiNtwasahlobo elandelayo, imizimba emithathu yafunyanwa ententeni liqela elalisuka kwindawo ababezinze kuyo abahambi, nababebuchibonke ubusika kwindlu yabahambi eyayimi ngaselwandle. Ileta kaScott eyayisiya kwinkosikazi yakhe, newayeyibhale esententeni kuba esazi okokuba wayezakufa, isanda kupapashwa (ngeyoMqungu ka-2007).
Ngaphandle kohambo luka Ernest Shackleton olwalunqumla i-Antarctic (okunye ukuphanza okwanenkuthazo, kodwa u Shackleton wawasindisa onke amadoda awayehamba nawo, emva kokunqumla ulwandle bekwisikhephe esivulekileyo, isenzo esaba nenkuthazo engummangaliso, kwanokunqumla izigaba zentaba engaziwayo bebhuqwa yindlala bekwaqothole yinggele) olu lwaba sisiphelo sexesha lobugorha kuhlolo. Ii-Moto, iiNqwelo-ntaka, ii-Radiyo, kunye ne-GPS zaqinisekisa okokuba ukhenketho olulandelayo aluzange lungaxhaswa.
Namhlanje kukho indawo esisiseko se‘’science’’ American kwi-‘’South Pole’’. Ibizwa ngokuba sisitishi se-iAmundsen-Scott South Pole esenzelwe ukunika imbeko yezi ntlola zimbini.
Amanye amaphepha tshintsha
- I-North Pole