I-sign (yakwamathematika)

KwaMathematika, igama elithi sign libhekisa kuyo yonke into ebonakalisa ukuba-positive (ukwanda okanye ukuba negative (ukuncipha). Naliphi na inani eliyi-real number (inani elingengo-0) linga-pisitive okanye libe-negative, lithi ke ngoko libe ne-sign. UZero yena eyedwa akanayo i-sign, singathi mhlawumbi. Ukongeza kwi-sign ebekwa kwii-real numbers (kumanani angengozero), igama elithi sign lisetyenziswa kwimathematika yonke iphela ukubonisa iindima ngeendima zemathemathika ezithetha ubu-positivity kwanobu-negativity. into eqhele ukwenzeka, kukuba xa amanani ebonakala engaphandle kwe-sign, abonakala engamanani a-positive (kuthiwe zii-positive numbers).

Ii-symbols eziyi-plus (uphawu lokudibanisa okanye lokongeza) kunye no-minus (uphawu lokuthabatha okanye lokucutha) zisetyenziselwa ukubonisa i-sign okanye uphawu lwenani. NgokwakwaMathematika u-plus uthetha u-positive (ukwandisa okanye ukongeza) aze yena u-minus athethe u-negative (ukucutha okanye ukuphungula).

Igama elithi sign maxa wambi lisoloko lisetyenziswa xa kubhekiswa kwiintlobo-ntlobo zee-signs zakwamathematika, ezinjengo-plus kunye no-minus kunye ne-sign yo-kuphindaphinda (ekuthiwa yimultiplication sign).

I-Sign yenani

I-real number kuthiwa i-positive ukuba ingaphezulu ko-zero, ize ibe-negative ukuba ingaphantsi ko-zero. Uphawu lokuba positive nokuba negative kuthiwa yi-sign yenani. U-Zero xa eyedwa akafanelekanga kuba na-sign.

Kwiarithmetic, i-sign yenani isoloko iboniswa ngokubeka i-sign okanye uphawu luka-plus okanye oluka-minus phambi kwenani. umzekelo, u- +3 uthetha u 3 opositive, aze u −3 athethe u 3 o-negative. ukuba akukho sign engu-plus okanye engu-minus enikiweyo, inye kuphela indlela elingabonwa ngayo eli nani yeyokokuba li-positive.

I-sign yenani elingengo-zero isengatshintshwa ibe positive xa kusetyenziswa iabsolute value function. Umzekelo, i-absolute value ka−3 kunye ne-absolute value ka 3 zombini ziyalingana no-3. Ngokwee-symbols, oku kungabhalwa ngolu hlobo |−3| = 3 and |3| = 3.

I-Sign ka-zero

Inani u-zero alikwazi ukuba -positive nokuba-negative, ngoko ke alinayo isign. Kwa-arithmetic,u +0 no −0 omabini athetha inani elinye elingu-0.

Intsingiselo yee-signs

Ngenxa yokokuba u-zero engekho positive na-negative, oku kulandelayo kuye kuthi ngamanye amaxesha kubizwe ngokuba kuyi-sign yenani elingaziwayo:

• Inani li-positive ukuba lingaphezu kuka-zero.
• Inani li-negative ukuba linhaphantsi kuka-zero.
• Inani li-non-negative ukuba lingaphezulu okanye lilingana no-zero.
• Inani li-non-positive ukuba lingaphantsi okanye lilingana no-zero.

Loo nto ithetha okokuba inani eli non-negative number lisenokuba positive okanye libe ngu-zero, ngeli lixa lona inani eli-non-positive lisenokuba negative okanye libe ngu-zero. Umzekelo, i-absolute value ye-real number isoloko i-non-negative, kodwa loo nto isenokungathethi into yokokuba li- positive.

Kwale ngcaciso inye iyasetyenziswa ngamanye amaxesha ukwenza iifunctions ezithatha i-real numbers okanye ii-integer values. Umzekelo, i-function ingabizwa ngokuba i-positive ukuba zonke ii-values zayo zi-positive, okanye kungathiwa i-non-negative ukuba zonke iivalues zayo zi-non-negative.

I-Sign ye-angle (yegophe)

Umlinganiselo osuka kwi-x-axis, kwii-angles kwi-unit circle ibala nje nge-positive kwi-counterclockwise direction, nakwi-negative kwi- clockwise direction.

Kwimibhalo emininzi, kuxhaphakile ukubona i-sign ikunye nomlinganiselo we-angle, ingakumbi i-angle e-located okanye i-angle ye-rotation. kulo meko injalo, i-sign iyaxela ukuba i-angle ikwi-clockwise okanye i-counterclockwise direction. Nangona zikho ezinye indlela ngendlela ezinokusetyenziswa, kuxhaphakile kwi-mathematika ukuba kubekho ii-angles ezizii-counterclockwise ezibala njenge-positive, neeangles ezizii-clockwise ezibala njenge-negative.

Kwakhona kuyenzeka okokuba kubekwe i-sign kwi-angle ye-rotation ngee-dimensions ezintathu, uqikelelwa okokuba i-axis of rotation has been oriented. Xa sigqalisela, igophe elijikelezela ngasekunene lijikeleze i-axis lisoloko libala njengeli-positive, ngeli lixa lijikelezela ngasekhohlo libala njngeli-negative.

I-Sign ye-direction

Kwiarithmetic nakwi-fiziki, kuxhaphakile ukuthiya ii-directions ezithile ngelithi zi-positive okanye zi-negative. Nanku umzekelo olula, umgca-manani ekuthiwa yi-number line ngesilungu usoloko uzotywa ubenamanani a-positive ukuya ngasekunene, aze abe-negative amanani xa kusiyiwa ngasekhohlo:

Kwi-Cartesian plane, ii-directions ziya ngasekunene nezibheka phezulu kusoloko kucingwa okokuba zi-positive, kuba ukubheka ngasekunene kuba-positive, i-x-direction, nokubheka phezulu kukuba-positive i-y-direction.

Ezinye iintsingiselo

ukutshaja kombane kusenokuba-positive okanye kube-negative.

Ukongeza kwi-sign ye-real number, igama elithi sign likwasetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kodwa zikwasengela thungeni linye kwiMathematika iphela nakwizifundo ze-science ngokubanzi:

• Kw-i-graph theory, i-grafu e-signed yi-grafu enomda ophawuliwe ngophawu olu-positive nolu-negative.
• Kwifiziki, nakuphi na ukutshaja kombane kuza ngophawu, olusenokuba-positive okanye lube-negative. Ngokwemithetho jikelele, ukutshaja oku-positive, kukutshaja okunophawu olufanayo noluya lwe-proton, kwaye ukutshaja oku-negative charge kukutshaja okufanayo nophawu lwe-electron.