Isifo se-Coronavirus 2019

Isifo seCoronavirus ngo-2019 (COVID-19) sisifo esosuleleka xa umntu osulelwe intsholongwane ye-corona (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) esosulela abanye abantu..Umntu, okanye ngokuchukumisa imihlaba ebikade ichaphazelekile yile ntsholongwane kwaye emva koko achukumise okanye abambe amehlo, impumlo okanye umlomo. Ngokwesiqhelo, intsholongwane isasazeka ngamachaphaza okuphefumla awenziwa xa umntu osulelweyo ekhohlela okanye egungxula. Nabani na osondeleyo ngokwaneleyo (ngaphantsi kwe-1.8 yeemitha) kumntu otyibilikayo okanye okosulelayo wosulelwa kakhulu yile ntsholongwane. Ngenye indlela umntu unokuyifumana intsholongwane ngokuchukumisa umphezulu osulelekileyo aze achukumise amehlo, iindlebe okanye impumlo ngaphandle kokuchaphazela izandla zakho.

Imvelaphi

si sifo saqala ukubonwa e-Wuhan, idolophu elikhulukazi kwiphondo lase Hubei e China, ngasekupheleni kuka-2019. Ukusukela ngoko, esi sifo sisasazeke kwihlabathi lonke. Nge-11 Matshi 2020, Umbutho Wezempilo weHlabathi wabhengeza esi sifo sisifo. Ubhubhane sisifo esisasazeke kwiindawo ezinkulu zehlabathi okanye kwihlabathi liphela. Amazwe achaphazeleke kakhulu yile ntsholongwane afumene amaqondo aphezulu okusweleka kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu kwiinkqubo zawo zezempilo. Umlawuli jikelele woMbutho wezeMpilo kwiHlabathi, uGqr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, wathi, "Le ayisiyongxaki yezempilo nje kuphela, yingxaki enokuthi ichukumise onke amacandelo - ngenxa yoko icandelo ngalinye nelungu ngalinye kufuneka libandakanyeke emzabalazweni".

Mzantsi Afrika

Okwangoku (ukusukela nge-2 ka-Tshazimpunzi ngo-2020) ngabantu abayi-1 462 abaye bavavanya i-coronavirus apha eMzantsi Afrika. Abantu abahlanu basweleke ngenxa yokosulelwa sesi sifo, ngelixa abantu abangama-31 besiphilisile. Ngokwesebe lezeMpilo leSizwe, "uqikelelo lwangoku luqikelela ukuba intsholongwane ichaphazela ama-60% abantu baseMzantsi Afrika ngaxa lithile, kodwa ngaxeshanye". Ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo, ilizwe belikwi ukuvalwa ngokusemthethweni ngokususela nge-27 Matshi 2020. Ukongeza, uMongameli Ramaphosa wabhengeza nge-30 Matshi 2020 ukuba abasebenzi abangama-10 000 bezempilo babe sele bethathiwe ukutyelela amakhaya bevavanya abantu ukuba bayayifumana na intsholongwane.

Iimpawu kunye nonyango

Ezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo zosulelo zibandakanya ukukhohlela, umkhuhlane, ukudinwa kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane. Ezinye iimpawu zinokubandakanya iintlungu zemisipha, ukuvelisa umphunga, urhudo, umqala obuhlungu, ukuphulukana nephunga kunye nobuhlungu besisu. Ukuba umntu wosulelwe yi-coronavirus, iimpawu zingavela kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kweli-14 emva kosulelo, kodwa uninzi lwabantu luya kubonisa iimpawu kwiintsuku ezintlanu emva kosulelo. Abantu abaninzi baya kubonisa kuphela iimpawu ezibuthathaka. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukosuleleka kunokukhokelela kwi-pneumonia kunye nokungaphumeleli kwezitho. Iimpawu ezinobunzima zifuna ukhathalelo lonyango olungxamisekileyo.

Abantu banokusulelwa yintsholongwane kwaye bangabonakalisi zimpawu. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba kukuzonwabisa. Nangona umntu owosulelekileyo engabonisi zimpawu, baya kosulela abanye abantu abanxibelelana nabo. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokusasazeka kwesi sifo ngokukhawuleza.

Oogqirha bavavanya i-coronavirus ngokufumana i-swab yempumlo kumntu okrokrelwa ukuba unesifo. Oku kwaziwa njenge-nasopharyngeal swab. Esi sifo sinokufunyaniswa kusetyenziswa iskena esise-CT.

Ukuba umntu uvavanywa ukuba unayo intsholongwane, uyakulaliswa esibhedlele kwaye ahlulwe kubantu abangosuleleki. Nangona ngoku kungabikho nyango intsholongwane, uninzi lwabantu luyakusinda esi sifo ukuba lufumana unyango olufanelekileyo.

Uthintelo

Ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kuthintelwa ikakhulu kukugcina umgama obonakalayo kwabanye abantu kunye nokuthintela iindimbane okanye iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba kukude ekuhlaleni. Apho unxibelelwano lungekhe luthintelwe, kusetyenziswa imaski yobuso (okanye isigqubuthelo sokukhohlela kunye nokuthimla ngesiciko okanye ngengalo yangaphakathi) kunye nokunxiba iigloves zerhasix kuyacetyiswa. Ukongeza abantu kufuneka bahlambe izandla rhoqo ngesepha okanye ngesanitizer sekwe otywala sesandla sakho semizuzwana engama-20. Ekugqibeleni abantu bayacetyiswa ukuba bangachukumisi ubuso babo ngezandla ezingahlanjwanga.