Ucalucalulo lwamaziko
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Ngaphambilini, igama elithi “ubuhlanga” lalidla ngokusetyenziswa ngendlela elungileyo nelithi “umkhethe,” lisenza uluvo lomnye umntu olusekelwe kulwazi olungaphelelanga. Kwikota yokugqibela yeNkulungwane yama-20, ubuhlanga buye banxulunyaniswa neenkqubo endaweni yabantu. Ngowe-1977, uMnumzana David Wellman kwincwadi yakhe ethi Portraits of White Racism, wachaza ubuhlanga “njengenkqubo yenzuzo esekelwe kubuhlanga,” ebonisa le ngcaciso ngemizekelo emininzi yabantu abamhlophe abaxhasa amaziko obuhlanga ngoxa bekhanyela ukuba banocalucalulo. Abantu abamhlophe banokuba nobubele kubantu abamnyama lo gama beqhubeka bexhasa ucalucalulo olucwangcisiweyo oluluncedo kubo, njengeendlela zokubolekisa ngemali, izikolo ezixhaswa ngemali entle, kunye namathuba emisebenzi. [1] Ingqikelelo yocalucalulo ngokweziko yaphinda yavela kwiingxoxo zezopolitiko phakathi nasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1990, kodwa ihleli ingumbono ekuphikiswana ngawo. [2] Ubuhlanga bamaziko kulapho uhlanga lubangela inqanaba engafaniyo lokufikelela kwiimpahla,ndibala ntoni. [3]
- ↑ Wellman, David (1977) Portraits of White Racism Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press p. 75 ISBN 0521215145
- ↑ Phillips, Coretta (2 July 2010) "Institutional Racism and Ethnic Inequalities: An Expanded Multilevel Framework" Journal of Social Policy (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press) 40 (1): 173–192 doi:10.1017/s0047279410000565 Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "What Racism Looks Like" Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 30 June 2020