Ulwandle olumnyama
Ulwandle olumnyama lulwandle oluse-Eurasia phakathi kweYurophu, iCaucasus, kunye neAnatolia. Imilambo emikhulu emininzi iqhagamshelana nolwandle olumnyama, enje ngemilambo Don, iDanube, kunye neDnieper.
Luqhakamshelana kulwandle iAtlantic ngolwandle imediternean, ulwandle iAegean, nakwimizila yamanzi emininzi. I90% yonke yolwandle ayinaOksijin. Amanzi ngaman'anetyuwa kodwa ubutyuwa bawo bunganeno kunobo bolwandle. Kwiminyaka yokuphungulwa kobushushu emhlabeni -ice age, ulwandle olumnyama lwalusisidibi samanzi ahlaziyekileyo.
Imbali tshintsha
Kwiintsomi zesiGrike, iiArgonaut zikhenketha elwandle. AmaGrike abeka amakoloni ukuze ajikeleze ulwandle kuba kwakubalulekile ukuthengiselana namazwe amaninzi kwimbali kwiimbali zakudala. iphulo leGallipoli ngemfazwe yoku-1 yayikukulwela ukungena kuLwandle olumNyama. Lwalubalulekile kwiMfazwe yesi-11 kwiHlabathi.