I-dimension

Xa sithetha ngee-dimensions sithetha ngendlela esizibona ngayo izinto esiphila phakathi kwazo apha emhlabeni, naxa sisenza imilinganiselo yazo ezi zinto, kwakunye namava esinawo ngezi zinto siphila phkathi kwazo apha ehlabathini. Xa siyiphicotha yonke ke le nto sisebenzisa ukunyuka nokubheka ezantsi okanye ukuhla, sisebenzise ikhohlo nokunene, ubushushu nokubanda, sijonge nokokuba ingaba inzima kangakanani na loo nto kuthethwa ngayo, kwanokokuba indekangakanani na. Konke ke oku kusetyenziswa ndawonye nesigama esivela kwi-mathematika kunye nefiziki. Enye indlela yokuchaza i-dimension kukujonga kumaqondo freedom okanye indlela egungquza okanye eshukuma ngayo into kwisithuba esivulekileyo. Ziziintlobo ngeentlobo izigama okanye iindlela elisetyenziswa ngayo igama elithi dimension, kwayeziziintlobo-ngeentlobo iindlela elichazwa ngayo eli gama. Akukho nkcaza kananjalo akukho nkcaza enokwanelisa sonke isigama ngokupheleleyo.

Ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene, i-square, ityubhu, kunye ne-tesseract. I-square sijikelezwe yimigca ye-dimension e-1, yona ithyubhu ijikelelzwe yimida yee-dimensions ezi-2, ize yona i-tesseract ijikelezwe zii-volumes zee-dimensions ezi-3. I-projection yethyubhu inikwe kuba ijongwa kwi-screen see-dimensions ezimbini. Kananjalo nakwi-tesseract, kodwa ke yona ingaboniswa kuphela kwisithuba esivulekileyo see-dimentions ezithathu.

Kwivsithuba esivulekileyo se-vector space, (i-vector space ngesiNgesi) (i-vector ngumgca ovulekilleyo ekupheleni kwawo) i-dimension iyalingana ne-cardinality okanye nenani lezalathini zee-vectors okanye ezemigca. Ikwalingana nenani lelona qela likhulu lomgca wezalathini ongqalileyo okwesosithuba sivulekileyo. Izinto "eziqhelekileyo" kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla bubonakaliswa ngee-dimensions ezintathu, ezibizwa ngokuba bubude, ubukhulu emacaleni, kunye nobunzulu. Kwa-mathematika esi sigama sibizwa ngegama elithi Euclidean space.

Ii-dimensions zisenokusetyenziswa kumlinganiselo wendawo emi kuyo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-position) loo nto kuthethwa ngayo ngexesha kusenziwa ngalo umlinganiselo-position. Umgama (i-distance) oya kwi-position usuka kwindawo oqala kuyo lo mlinganiselo (ndawo leyo eyaziwa ngokuba si-starting place) umlinganiselo walo mgama usenokwenziwa kubungakanani bayo ngobude, ngobubanzi (ubukhulu ngokwasemacaleni kwanangobude ukubheka phezulu. Le migama ke isetyenziswa ukuze kwenziwe umlinganiselo we-position.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-dimention yesine (eyi-4D, ixesha, isetyenziselwa ukubonisa i-position yaloo nto ethe yenzeka (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-event) ngexesha ethe yenzeka ngalo nange-space.(isithuba esivulekileyo)

Ezinye ii-dimensions

Kwinzululwazi, yanamhlanje, abantu basebenzisa ezinye ii-dimensions. Ii-dimensions ezifana nobushushu nobunzima.zisenokusetyenziswa ukubonisa i-position yento ngezithuba ezivulekileyo ezinganeno. Iinkcuba buchopho zenzululwazi zifunda ngezi dimensions ngokuziphicotha.

I-Mathematika anayo ikwasebenzisa ii-dimensions. Kwi-mathematics, ii-dimensions ziqheleke kakhulu. kodwa ke ii-dimensions kwi-mathematika zisenokungamenti izinto ezisemhlabeni.Imithetho yokwenza imarithmetika ngee-dimensions ezikwi-mathematics isenokwahluka xa kuthelekiswa nemithetho ye-arithmetika.

Ii-dimensions nee-vectors

Ii-vectors zisetyenziselwa ukubonisa imigama neezalathiso okanye imikhondo emayilandelwe. Ii-vectors zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwizifundo zenjineli nezenzululwazi, ngamanye amaxesha nakwezemathematika.

I-vector luludwe lwamanani. TLinye inani kwi-dimension nganye, Kodwa ke kukho imithetho ye-arithmetic eyenzelwe ii-vectors.

Umzekelo, ukuba uJane ufuna ukwazi i-position kaSally. USally angamnika i-vector uJane apho ayakubona khona i-position. Ukuba uJane noSally basemhlabeni, kukho ii-dimensions ezintathu. Ngoko ke, uSally unika uJane uludwe lwamanani amathathu ukuze ambonise i-position. Laa manani mathathu akwi-vector uSally awanika uJane kusenokweneka okokuba::

ngumgama ka-Sally kumntla kaJane
umgama kaSally kwimpuma kaJane
ubude buka Sally bungaphezulu kukaJane.