IBayoloji

I-Bayoloji yinzululwazi ngobomi bezinto eziphilayo nango-guqu-guquko lweempawu zofuzo oluthi lwenzeke ngokuhamba kwexesha kwisidalwa. Xa sithetha ngezinto eziphilayo ke sithetha ngezi zinto zilandelayo: izityalo, izilwanyana, iinkowane kunye ne zinambuzane ezincinane kakhulu nezingenakubonwa ngamehlo ngaphandle kokuba ayancediswa ezifana nebacteria ezinje ngezi zijika ubisi lubengamasi kunye ne-archaea ungathetha ngeyeast njengomnye umzekelo wezibacteria.

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Abantu abayifunde nzulu ibayoloji kuthiwa zii''biologists''. IBayoloji iqwalasela indlela eziphila ngayo nekuqhutywa ngayo zizilwanyana nazo zonke ezinye izinto eziphilayo okanye eziphefumlayo apha emhlabeni. Ngamanye amazwi ibayoloji sisifundo ngobomi bemihla ngemihla obuphilwa siso sonke isidalwa esiphefumlayo apha emhlabeni. Ikwajonga iphonononge nembonakalo yazo. IBayoloji sisifundo esenziwa xa kuphandwa ngokubanzi ngendlela eziphathana neziphilisana ngayo ezi zinto xa zidibene nezinye, kwenzeka ntoni xa zikuloo environment zidibene kuyo ngexesha ezidibene ngalo. Yiminyaka engama-200 ibayoloji ifundwa njenge science. Phambi kokuba ibayologi le ibe sisifundo ngokupheleleyo,kwaqalwa kwenziwa uphando olunzulu ngazo ezi zinto ziphilayo ziphaya endle nakuzo zonke iindawo eziphila zikuyo. IBayoloji ifield zeiresearch eziqondene nayo ngqo. Ize kuphinde kuvele namasebe ouphando ezingamahlumela kwalapha kwezi fields. Njengazo zonke ezinye izifundo zescience, ibayologi isebenzisa indlela zokuphanda ezizizo. Oko kuthetha okokuba iibiologists mazibe zinako ukubonisa i-''evidence'' ngolwazi ezize nalo. kunjalo nje nezinye iibiologists zibenakho ukuyia loo i''dea'', zingqinelane okanye zingangqinelani kwaphela naloo idea yaloo biologist okanye ezo biologists. Lilonke i-idea yebiologist kufuneka iqale iphekwe kuqala ngabanye abaphandi abakuloo field ukuze ibe iyapasiswa, kuthiwe ngenene le idea yale biologist inyanisekile okanye ayinyanisekanga. Njengoko sele sitshilo, phambi kokuba i-idea yomphandi ibe iyapasiswa, kufuneka yena ngokwakhe aqiniseke kuqala okokuba uphando alwenzayo ulwenza ngokwendlela ekuqhutywa ngayo kwa-science.

IBayologi izama ukuphendula imibuzo enje ngale: "Uyibona ngantoni le nto ukuba iyaphila? chaza iimpawu zayo." (esi study kuthiwa yicomparative anatomy); "Asebenza njani amalungu esiqu sayo?" (esi ke sona kuthiwa yiphysiology); "Singazahlula njani izinto eziphilayo apha emhlabeni zibe ngamaqela-ngamaqela? Ngamanye amazwi, zimpawu zini ezinokukhokelela ekubeni sikwazi ukuzahlula ezi zinto ziphilayo ngokwamaqela azo kwezinye. Sitsho sikwazi ukwenza iclassification, okanye siyazi itaxonomy)yazo; "iphila njani ukuze side sithi iyaphila le nto? Ngamanye amazwi, yintoni le yenziwa zezi zidalwa (izimbo zazo ezibonakalisa okokuba ziyaphila? Zenzeka njani ukukhula kwazo "zisebenza njani ufuzo (negenetics); "Ithini imbali yobomi?" okokutsho (i-palaeontology). Ithini i-ecology? Ngamanye amazwi ziphila njani izinto eziphefumlayo kwi-environment ezikuyo? Yonke ibayoloji yale mihla siphila kuyo inikwe ifuthe yi-evolution nekuyiyo ephendula umbuzo othi: "Kwenzeke njani ukuba ihlabathi esiphila kulo libe linje ngokuba silibona namhlanje?"

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  Animalia - Bos primigenius taurus
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  Planta - Triticum
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  Fungi - Morchella esculenta
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  Stramenopila/Chromista - Fucus serratus
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  Bacteria - Gemmatimonas aurantiaca (- = 1 Micrometer)
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  Archaea - Halobacteria
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  Virus - Gamma phage